Kingdom of Egypt
The Kingdom of Egypt (Arabic: المملكة المصرية Al-Mamlaka l-Maṣreyya, "the Egyptian Kingdom") was the de jure independent Egyptian state created under the Muhammad Ali Dynasty in 1922.[1]
Kingdom of Egypt | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1922–1953 | |||||||||
| Anthem: "Eslami ya Misr" (1923–1936) Royal anthem: "Salam Affandina" (1936–1953) | |||||||||
 Green: Kingdom of Egypt Lighter green: Condominium of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Lightest green: Ceded from Sudan to Italian Libya in 1934. | |||||||||
| Capital | Cairo | ||||||||
| Common languages | Arabic (official) | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam (official) | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Egyptian | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy | ||||||||
| King | |||||||||
• 1922–1936 | Fuad I | ||||||||
• 1936–1952 | Farouk I | ||||||||
• 1952–1953 | Fuad II a | ||||||||
| British High Commissioner | |||||||||
• 1922–1925 | Edmund Allenby | ||||||||
• 1925–1929 | George Lloyd | ||||||||
• 1929–1933 | Percy Loraine | ||||||||
• 1933–1936 | Miles Lampson | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1922 (first) | Abdel Khaliq Sarwat Pasha | ||||||||
• 1952–1953 (last) | Mohamed Naguibb | ||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||
| Senate | |||||||||
| Chamber of Deputies | |||||||||
| Historical era | Interwar era / World War II / Cold War / Palestine War | ||||||||
| 28 February 1922 | |||||||||
• Sultan Fuad I becomes King Fuad I | 15 March 1922 | ||||||||
• Constitution adopted | 19 April 1923 | ||||||||
• Anglo-Egyptian Treaty | 27 August 1936 | ||||||||
| 24 October 1945 | |||||||||
• Palestine War | 1948–49 (May–March) | ||||||||
| 23 July 1952 | |||||||||
| 26 July 1952 | |||||||||
• Abolition of the monarchy, and declaration of the Republic | 18 June 1953 | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 1937 | 994,000 km2 (384,000 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1927 | 14,218,000 | ||||||||
• 1937 | 15,933,000 | ||||||||
• 1947 census | 19,090,447 | ||||||||
| Currency | Egyptian pound | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | EG | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Egypt Sudan South Sudan Libya (Land Ceded) | ||||||||
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The kingdom was created after the Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence by the United Kingdom. Until the Anglo-Egyptian treaty of 1936, the Kingdom was only somewhat independent, since the British had control of foreign relations, communications, the military and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
Between 1936 and 1952, the British continued to have military presence and political advisers, at a reduced level.
The kingdom was known for corruption. This led to the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 by the Free Officers Movement. In 1953 the monarchy was formally abolished and the Republic of Egypt was established.
The legal status of Sudan was only resolved in 1954, when Egypt and Britain agreed that it should be granted independence in 1956.[2]
References
- Mira, Mazen (2022-03-15). "100 عام على استقلال مصر - The Arab Collector" (in Arabic). Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- John Marlowe, A History of Modern Egypt and Anglo-Egyptian Relations, 1800-1953 (1954) p 313-15.
Other websites
- Tignore, Robert L. Egypt: A Short History (2011) online Archived 2018-09-15 at the Wayback Machine