François Duvalier
François Duvalier (14 April 1907 – 21 April 1971), known as "Papa Doc" because he was once a doctor, was the President (dictator) and Head of State of Haiti from 1957 until his death.[3] He was excommunicated from the Catholic Church for expelling foreign-born bishops.
François Duvalier | |
|---|---|
.jpg.webp) Duvalier in 1968 | |
| 32nd President of Haiti | |
| In office 22 October 1957 – 21 April 1971 | |
| Preceded by | Antonio Thrasybule Kébreau (Chairman of the Military Council) |
| Succeeded by | Jean-Claude Duvalier |
| Minister of Public Health and Labor | |
| In office 14 October 1949 – 10 May 1950 | |
| President | Dumarsais Estimé |
| Preceded by | Antonio Vieux (Public Health) Louis Bazin (Labor) |
| Succeeded by | Joseph Loubeau (Public Health) Emile Saint-Lot (Labor) |
| Undersecretary of Labor | |
| In office 26 November 1948 – 14 October 1949 | |
| President | Dumarsais Estimé |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 14 April 1907 Port-au-Prince, Haiti |
| Died | 21 April 1971 (aged 64) Port-au-Prince, Haiti |
| Political party | National Unity Party[1][2] |
| Spouse(s) | Simone Duvalier (m. 1939) |
| Children | Marie‑Denise Duvalier Nicole Duvalier Simone Duvalier Jean-Claude Duvalier |
| Alma mater | University of Haiti (MD) |
| Occupation | Physician |
Like many rulers of Haiti, he was called "President for Life". His widow was Simone Duvalier. When he died their son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, called "Baby Doc", became President.[3]
He was born and died at Port-au-Prince, Haiti. He died of diabetes and heart disease.
References
- Fatton, Robert, Jr. (2013). "Michel-Rolph Trouillot's State Against Nation: A Critique of the Totalitarian Paradigm". Small Axe. 17 (3 , 42): 208. doi:10.1215/07990537-2379009. ISSN 1534-6714. S2CID 144548346.
In 1963, Duvalier created the Parti de l'unité nationale—PUN (National Unity Party)—to constitute a single-party system. . . . the existence of a single party as one of the defining characteristics of the totalitarian nature of Duvalierism . . . the party had a thoroughly inconsequential role in the Duvalierist system.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Lacey, Marc (23 March 2008). "Haiti's Poverty Stirs Nostalgia for Old Ghosts". New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 September 2015.
- "François Duvalier Biography". notablebiographies.com. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
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