Topography may refer to:

Cartography, geology and oceanography

  • Topography, the study of the current terrain features of a region and the graphic representation of the landform on a map
    • Inverted topography, landscape features that have reversed their elevation relative to other features
    • Karst topography, a landscape on soluble rock, characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves
    • Ocean surface topography, the difference between the surface of the ocean and the geoid
    • Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, a research effort that obtained digital elevation models on a near-global scale from 56 °S to 60 °N, to generate the most complete high-resolution digital topographic database of Earth to date
    • Topographic maps
    • Topographic prominence, a concept used in the categorization of hills and mountains, also known as peaks
    • Local history, formerly commonly called "topography"

Culture and media

Art

Literature

  • Christian Topography, a 6th-century book written by Cosmas Indicopleustes which advances the idea that the world is flat

Science

Medicine

Ornithology

Physics

  • Diffraction topography, an X-ray imaging technique based on Bragg diffraction, in which diffraction from a crystal is recorded on film or by detector, resulting in topographic images (topographs)

Technology

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