Thiel is a German-language surname. Notable people with the name include:

• Adolf Thiel (1915–2001), German-American engineer
• Alvar Thiel (1893–1973), sailor
• Andreas Thiel (born 1960), German handball player
• Andreas Thiel (bishop) (1826–1908), Catholic bishop of Ermland
• Ben Thiel (born 1982), Australian Model, Golfer & Race Car Driver
• Bert Thiel (1926–2020), baseball pitcher
• Claudia van Thiel (born 1977), female volleyball player
• Edward C. Thiel (1928–1961), geologist
• Edwin Thiel (1913–1944), German Luftwaffe ace
• Ernest Thiel (1859–1947), Swedish financier, art collector, and translator
• Frans-Jozef van Thiel (1906–1993), Dutch politician
• Heiner Thiel (born 1957), German sculptor and curator
• Heinz Thiel (1920–2003), German film director and screenwriter
• Jana Thiel (1971–2016), German sports presenter and journalist
• Joachim Thiel (born 1951), German footballer
• Jon Thiel (born 1975), rugby player
• Lisa Thiel, a professional quizzer and regular panelist on UK quiz show Eggheads
• Lucien Thiel (1943–2011), Luxembourgian politician
• Marie-Jo Thiel (born 1957), French ethicist
• Maximilian Thiel (born 1993), German professional footballer
• Midori Kono Thiel (born 1933), Japanese American calligrapher
• Otto Thiel (1891–1915), German football player
• Peter Thiel (born 1967), American entrepreneur
• Phil Thiel (born 1984), American rugby union player
• Pieter J.J. van Thiel (1928–2012), Dutch art historian
• Sten Thiel, Commissioner of the Svenska Scoutförbundet
• Tamiko Thiel (born 1957), American media artist
• Walter Thiel (1910–1943), German engineer
• Walter Thiel (chemist) (1949–2019), German theoretical chemist
• Yannic Thiel (born 1989), German footballer

Fictional characters

• Frank Thiel, detective chief inspector in German television series Tatort Münster

See also

• Theil, common alternate & etymologically related variant of the surname