Desmond Castle
Caisleán Deasmhumhan
Cork Street, Kinsale in Republic of Ireland
Desmond Castle is located in Ireland
Desmond Castle
Desmond Castle
Coordinates51°42′27″N 8°31′50″W / 51.7075°N 8.5306°W / 51.7075; -8.5306
TypeTower house
Site information
OwnerOffice of Public Works
Open to
the public
yes
Site history
Built1490–1510[1]
Built byMaurice FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Desmond
Materialslimestone, slate, red brick, wrought iron, timber, glass
Battles/warsSiege of Kinsale (1601–02)
Garrison information
Past
commanders
Maurice FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Desmond
Official nameDesmond Castle or The French Prison, Kinsale
Reference no.360[2]

Desmond Castle (Irish: Caisleán Deasmhumhan) is a tower house located in the town of Kinsale in County Cork, Ireland.[3]

History

Reproduction of the customs post
A statue of the 9th Earl of Desmond welcomes visitors.

The castle was built as the Customs House for Kinsale about the year 1500 by Maurice FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Desmond, following the grant of the customs of the port of Kinsale to the Earls of Desmond by King Henry VII in 1497.[4] Presumably there must have been an earlier structure on the site as the 1st Earl was Captain of Desmond Castle.

It was used as a Customs House until 1641 when it was converted into a naval prison, following the construction of a new Customs House. The prisoners kept in the Castle were in the main French and Spanish, and the building became known locally as the "French Prison" as a result.

In January 1747, a fire broke out, killing 54 of the prisoners. In 1791, the castle was donated by James Kearney MP to the town of Kinsale, and it was subsequently used as a town gaol till 1846, and during the Irish Famine as a workhouse. In 1938, it was taken into government hands, and in the 1990s was restored and opened to the public by the Office of Public Works.

Wine museum

Interior of wine museum

In 1997, the International Museum of Wine,[5] which details the links between Ireland and the wine trade, and is run by the Order of the Wine Geese, was added.

References

  1. "Desmond Castle, Cork Street, TOWNPLOTS, Kinsale, CORK". buildingsofireland.ie. National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  2. "National Monuments of County Cork in State Care" (PDF). heritageireland.ie. National Monument Service. p. 5. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  3. "Desmond Castle, Cork Street, TOWNPLOTS, Kinsale, CORK". Buildings of Ireland. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
  4. "ArcGIS Web Application". maps.archaeology.ie. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  5. Desmond Castle International Museum of Wine, Heritage Towns of Ireland.
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