Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
  • Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Беларусь (Belarusian)
  • Социалистическая Советская Республика Белоруссия (Russian)
1919
Flag of Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
Flag
Coat of arms of Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
Coat of arms
Location of Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
StatusPuppet/Buffer State of Soviet Russia
Demonym(s)Belarusian/Byelorussian
GovernmentSoviet Republic
History 
 Established
1 January 1919
 Disestablished
February 1919
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Belarusian People's Republic
Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia
Today part ofBelarus

The Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia (SSRB; Belarusian: Сацыялістычная Савецкая Рэспубліка Беларусь, romanized: Sacyjalistyčnaja Savieckaja Respublika Biełaruś; Russian: Социалистическая Советская Республика Белоруссия / ССРБ, romanized: Socialističeskaya Sovetskaya Respublika Belorussiya / SSRB) was an early republic in the historical territory of Belarus for only one month in 1919 after the collapse of the Russian Empire as a result of the October Revolution.

First establishment

Bolsheviks first established the Republic on 1 January 1919 in Smolensk when the Red Army entered Belarusian lands following the retreating German army, which had been occupying the territory as a consequence of World War I. The SSRB replaced the Belarusian People's Republic, and consisted of the governorates of Smolensk, Vitebsk, Mogilev, Minsk, Grodno, and Vilna.

It was considered by Bolsheviks to be a buffer republic. In a month it was disbanded. The Smolensk, Vitebsk and Mogilev provinces were included in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), and the remainder formed another buffer republic, the Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (Litbel).

Second establishment

The republic was re-established under the same name on 31 July 1920. However, in traditional Soviet historiography it has been referred to as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR), its name after the incorporation into the Soviet Union in 1922.

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