Kohistani Shina
Kohistani, Kohistyo, Palasi-Kohistani
ݜݨیاٗ کستٓین٘و جلکوٹ جپ
Native toPakistan
RegionKohistan (Kolai-Palas jalkot )
EthnicityKolai
Native speakers
458,000 (2018)[1]
Indo-European
Dialects
Perso-Arabic script (Nastaliq)
Language codes
ISO 639-3plk
Glottologkohi1248

Kohistani Shina is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the former Kohistan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Pakistan. According to Ethnologue, Kohistani Shina is mutually intelligible with the Shina variety of Chilas, but not with the standard dialect of Gilgit.[1] Bateri and Kalkoti speakers speak Kohistani Shina as a second language.[3] Indus Kohistani loanwords can be found in the language. A grammar and a dictionary of the language have been published.[4][5][6]

Alphabet

Here is the alphabet for Kohistani Shina compiled by Razwal Kohistani in 2020.[7]

Kohistani Shina Perso-Arabic alphabet
LetterName of LetterTranscriptionIPA
اalifa/a/
بbeb/b/
پpep/p/
تtet/t/
ٹṭe/ʈ/
ثse(s)/s/
جjīmj/d͡ʒ/
چčeč/t͡ʃ/
ڇċeċ/ʈ͡ʂ/
څcec/t͡s/
حhe(h)/h/
خxex/x/
دdāld/d/
ڈḍāl/ɖ/
ذzāl(z)/z/
رrer/r/
ڑṛe/ɽ/
زzez/z/
ژžež/ʒ/
ڙżeż/ʐ/
سsīns/s/
شšīnš/ʃ/
ݜṣīn/ʂ/
صswād(s)/s/
ضzwād(z)/z/
طto'e(t)/t/
ظzo'e(z)/z/
ع‘aynʿ/ʔ/
غǧaynǧ/ɣ/
فfef/f/
ڦvev/v/
قqāfq/q/
کkāfk/k/
گgāfg/g/
ڱñāfñ/ŋ/
لlāml/l/
مmīmm/m/
نnūnn/n/
ݨṇūn/ɳ/
ں˜˜/˜/
وwaww/w/
ہheh/h/
ھ_he_h/ʰ/
ءhamzaʿ/ʔ/
یyey/j/, /i/
ےyee, ē/e/, /ɛ/

References

  1. 1 2 "Shina,jalkutia Kohistani".
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10). "Glottolog 4.8 - Kohistanic Shina". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 2023-11-06. Retrieved 2023-11-05.
  3. Liljegren, Henrik (2013). "Notes on Kalkoti: A Shina Language with Strong Kohistani Influences". Linguistic Discovery. 11. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.423.
  4. Schmidt, Ruth Laila; Kohistani, Razval; Zarin, Mohammad Manzar (2008). A Grammar of the Shina Language of Indus Kohistan. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 264. ISBN 9783447056762.
  5. "Kohistani Shina Qaida". 26 October 2018.
  6. "Kohistani Shina-Urdu dictionary published". 22 October 2021.
  7. Kohistani, Razval (2020-09-21). "Complete Shina Kohistani Qaida By Razwal Kohistani" (in Urdu) (2nd). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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