Maykov (Russian: Ма́йков), or Maykova (feminine; Ма́йкова) is a Russian last name and may refer to:

• Aleksandr Maykov (1902–1977), Soviet Army officer
• Apollon Aleksandrovich Maykov (1761–1838) Russian poet and State Counsellor, father of Nikolay
• Evgeniya Maykova (1803–1880), Russian writer and poet, wife of Nikolay
• Nikolay Maykov (1794–1873) Russian painter and his sons:
  • Apollon Maykov (1821–1897) Russian poet
  • Valerian Maykov (1823–1847) Russian writer and literary critic
  • Vladimir Maykov (1826-1885) Russian publisher
  • Leonid Maykov (1839–1900) Russian literary expert, ethnographer and academician
• Vasili Maykov (1728–1778) Russian poet and playwright, uncle of Apollon Alexandrovich