This is a list of confederations.

Historic

NamePeriodNotes
Gaya Confederacy42-532A Korean confederacy of territorial polities in the Nakdong River basin of southern Korea, growing out of the Byeonhan confederacy of the Samhan period..
Toltec Empire496-1122Existed as a confederation between the Toltecs and the Chichimeca, simultaneously as an empire exerting control over places like Cholula.
League of Mayapan987-1461Pre-Hispanic state in Yucatan.
Confederation of Madya-as13th century-1569A pre-Hispanic state that was located in the Philippines.
At Jennad1646- ??tribal insurgent regroupement in Kabylia.
Iroquois Confederacysince 1451Five, later six, nations in the southern Great Lakes area. Initial members were the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca nations. The Tuscarora tribe joined in or around 1722.
Wabanaki Confederacy1606–1862A group of Native American nations in Canada and the United States.
New England New England Confederation1643–1684British colonies of Massachusetts, Plymouth, Connecticut, and New Haven.
Aro Confederacy1690–1902One of the two largest precolonial and colonial empires of the Igbo (Ibo) people of West Africa. The other being the Kingdom of Nri.
United States of America1781–1789In its first steps, the United States were a confederation of thirteen states (Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island and Providence Plantations) organized under the Articles of Confederation. Superseded by the new government under the U.S. Constitution.
 United Provinces of New Granada 1811–1816
Confederation of the Rhine1806–1813Client state of the First French Empire. Dissolved after the Battle of Leipzig in the War of the Sixth Coalition.
Sweden-Norway1814–1905Personal union between Sweden and Norway. Dissolved after the 1905 Norwegian plebiscite.
German Confederation1815–1866Created as loose confederation of German states by the Congress of Vienna to replace the Holy Roman Empire. Weakened by the Austro-Prussian rivalry and the German Revolutions of 1848 before its final dissolution after Prussia's victory in the Austro-Prussian War.
Argentine Confederation1831–1861First political organization of Argentina. Highly decentralized and without a head of state.
Peru-Bolivian Confederation1836–1839
 Confederate States of America1861–1865Confederation that was established by several southern slave states that seceded from the Union. It comprised 11 states: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, North Carolina, Virginia, and Tennessee. Kentucky and Missouri were both claimed by the Confederacy but never officially declared secession. The Confederation was never officially recognized as a nation, although the United Kingdom and France recognized it as a belligerent power. Was reabsorbed by the United States after the American Civil War.
North German Confederation1867–1871Military alliance of 22 states of Germany with the Kingdom of Prussia formed by the Augustbündnis. Superseded by the German Empire after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871.
 Austria-Hungary1867–1918Personal union between the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen. Dissolved by the Treaties of Trianon and Saint-Germain-en-Laye after World War I.
Carlist States1872–1876Established by the Carlists in Basque provinces and Navarre during the war.
 Soviet Union1922–1936Originally it was a confederation between four soviet socialist republics (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic and Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). As a confederation of member states, Soviet constitutions formally defined each member republic as a sovereign state, whose membership was voluntary, and could secede at any time. Soviet constitutions of 1936-onward defined the state as a federation. Dissolved in 1991.
Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland1953–1963Also known as the Central African Federation, consisting of the then-British colonies of Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia, and Nyasaland (current-day Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi.)
Arab Federation1958Ephimeral union of Jordan and Iraq. Dissolved after the overthrow of King Faisal II of Iraq in the July 14 Revolution.
 United Arab Republic1958–1961Union between Syria and Egypt. Dissolved after Syria's withdrawal following the 1961 Syrian coup d'état.
United Arab States1958–1961Confederation between the United Arab Republic and North Yemen. Dissolved due to the breakup of the United Arab Republic.
Union of African States1958–1961An attempt to merge Ghana, Guinea and Mali through the views of panafricanism. Dissolved due to rising tensions between the countries after the 1963 Togolese coup d'état.
Federation of Arab Republics1972–1977An attempt to merge Libya, Egypt and Syria. Dissolved despite public approval in each of the countries due to disagreements among the governments on the terms of the merger.
Ethiopian Empire1952–1962Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea, an attempt to merge Eritrea and Ethiopia. Dissolved after Emperor Haile Selassie I formally annexed Eritrea to Ethiopia.
Arab Islamic Republic1974Ephimeral proposed union of Libya and Tunisia.
Senegambia Confederation1982–1989Confederation that included the present-day countries of Senegal and Gambia.
 Serbia and Montenegro2003–2006Replacing the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Dissolved after the 2006 Montenegrin independence referendum.

References

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