Ellerman bombs or, maybe, pseudo-Elllerman bombs that are simply "network bright points"[1]

In solar physics, Ellerman bombs are small-scale intense brightenings in the Sun's photosphere. They typically take place in areas with strong magnetic fields and near emerging flux regions.[2][1][3] They are named after Ferdinand Ellerman[4] who studied them in detail in the 20th century. The phenomenon was first reported by W. M. Mitchell in early 1900.[5] Although Ellerman first described them in 1917,[6] the physical mechanism behind them is still debated.

Ellerman wrote about the bombs that "they seem to follow one another like the balls of a Roman candle". EB are short-lived, and last for few minutes.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Rutten, Robert J; Vissers, Gregal J M; Rouppe van der Voort, Luc H M; Sütterlin, Peter; Vitas, Nikola (11 June 2013). "Ellerman bombs: fallacies, fads, usage". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 440: 012007. arXiv:1304.1364. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/440/1/012007.
  2. ↑ Georgoulis, Manolis K.; Rust, David M.; Bernasconi, Pietro N.; Schmieder, Brigitte (10 August 2002). "Statistics, Morphology, and Energetics of Ellerman Bombs". The Astrophysical Journal. 575 (1): 506–528. Bibcode:2002ApJ...575..506G. doi:10.1086/341195. S2CID 818643. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  3. ↑ Libbrecht, Tine (2019). The diagnostic potential of the He I D3 spectral line in the solar atmosphere (PhD thesis). Stockholm University.
  4. ↑ "Archived copy". archives.caltech.edu. Archived from the original on 14 September 2006. Retrieved 22 May 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. ↑ Bhatnagar, A.; Livingston, William Charles (2005). Fundamentals of Solar Astronomy. World Scientific. p. 219. ISBN 9789812567871.
  6. ↑ Ellerman, Ferdinand (1917). "Solar Hydrogen "bombs"". The Astrophysical Journal. 46: 298. Bibcode:1917ApJ....46..298E. doi:10.1086/142366.
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