Portrait of Stackenschneider by Nikolai Terebenev, 1854

Andrei Ivanovich Stakenschneider (also spelled Stuckenschneider; Russian: Андрей Иванович Штакеншнейдер, romanized: Andrey Ivanovich Shtakenshneyder; 6 March [O.S. 22 February] 180220 August [O.S. 8 August] 1865) was a Russian architect. His eclectic approach and competence in period styles is manifest in ten palaces built to his design in St. Petersburg. He is often credited for turning Russian architecture from Neoclassicism to Romanticism.

Life

Born into a prosperous family, Stakenschneider trained at the Imperial Academy of Arts, helping Auguste de Montferrand to supervise the construction of Saint Isaac's Cathedral. He was a revivalist, finding his inspiration in Greek, Renaissance, Baroque, and Gothic styles. His first independent work was a Neo-Gothic castle at Keila-Joa, a residence of Count Alexander von Benckendorff near Tallinn.

In the late 1830s, Stakenschneider emerged as the chief court architect of Nicholas I of Russia. For this monarch and his children, he designed the Mariinsky Palace (1839–1844), Nicholas Palace (1853–1861), New Michael Palace (1857–1861), as well as the Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace (1846–1848) for Princess Kochubey. In Peterhof, he was responsible for the Farm Palace (1838–1855), the Belvedere Palace (1853–1856), and numerous garden pavilions.

Stakenschneider refurbished some rooms in the Winter Palace and applied the Greek Revival idioms to the imperial palace in Oreanda, Crimea (1842–1852; burnt down 1882).

Selected works

Sources

  • Петрова Т.А. А. Штакеншнейдер. Л., 1978.
  • "Штакеншнейдер, Андрей Иванович" . Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary (in Russian). 1906.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.